It is research paper you can download related paper in the below link
I. INTRODUCTION
Health monitoring systems become a hot topic and important
research field today. Electronic Patient Records and sensor
networks for the patient monitoring are at the current forefront
of new technologies.
Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is a technology which is
used to monitoring of the patient from the remote place or
outside the patient’s room or conventional clinical setup.
Advantages of remote patient monitoring are:
Increase access to care
Monitoring many patients at a time.
Decrease health delivery costs etc.
An incubator and warmer machine is a very useful medical
device which is used to maintain and regulate an appropriate
environment for the newborns. To maintain and control the
temperatures and humidity level in the newborns, baby
incubator and warmer is required.
II. MOTIVATION
Most of existing technology’s incubator and warmer machine
shows a value of temperature and other vital parameters on the
local display in digital form and these parameters can be set as
per our requirement but generally existing machine cannot able
to send these parameters at remote place and control it from
remote place. Some of the machines are available with the
features of remote monitoring but their tentative cost is near
about 50 thousand rupees/piece. Now a day’s use of incubator
and warmer machine increasing, so it is needed to develop a
low cost design.
III. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Any biomedical controlling and remote monitoring system
consists of bio-sensors, control system unit based on controller
unit, communication gateway and central monitoring system
with web server. The system is mainly composed of various
types of sensors which is used to measure vital parameters of
newborn. The system for controlling and monitoring the sensed
temperatures, humidity, Heart rate & SpO2 data and transmit
all parameter at remote place using RS232 to Ethernet
converter. The web based remote monitoring & controlling
system is to be designed and monitoring and controlling can be
done by PC/Laptop or mobile phone which support internet
facility. The system architecture is shown in the Fig.1.
The main functions of the system are:
1. To sense the temperatures, humidity, SpO2 & Heartbeat of
the infant continuously and display it on to the local display
(Touch screen LCD), as well as to set the temperatures,
humidity, SpO2 & Heartbeat as per requirement, by the
control unit.
2. To transmit the sensed and set point values of temperatures,
humidity, SpO2 & Heartbeat over LAN by help of RS232
to Ethernet converter.
3. To display current value and set point value of
temperatures, humidity, SpO2 & Heartbeat on to the GUI
using local area network.
4. To transmit current values and set point values of
temperatures, humidity, SpO2 & Heartbeat at the remote
place via web server.
5. To monitor the current values and set point values
temperatures, humidity, SpO2 & Heartbeat by help of
specially designed website for this system using PC, laptop
or mobile phone which support internet facility.
Fig. 1. System Architecture
IV. SYSTEM HARDWARE DESIGN
The control system mainly consists of Arduino Mega 2560
microcontroller, sensors like air & body temperature sensors
and humidity sensor. Present system also consist Touch screen
LCD to display and set air & body temperature and humidity as
well as to display set points of air & body temperature and
humidity which is helpful to the doctor and nurse to monitor
infant’s air & body temperatures and humidity locally means
where immature infants are kept. Present system also consist a
buzzer as an Alarm system. It also have heater and heating
control system, RS 232 to Ethernet converter and specially
designed GUI / Web Page for remote monitoring purpose. The
designed control system block diagram is shown in the Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Block Diagram of the System
The functionality of each blocks of the control system is
explained as below:
A) Sensors
This designed system mainly consists of three kind of sensors;
1) Air temperature sensor 2) Body temperature sensor and 3)
Humidity sensor
1. Air temperature sensor
For present work SEN-1853 is selected as an air
temperature sensor with steel head, uses NTC thermistor (10K).
2. Body temperature sensor
For present work as a body temperature sensor LM35 is
selected on a basis of its characteristics of linearity, accuracy,
and low self-heating capability.
3. Humidity sensor
The humidity sensor chosen for this work is SY-HS-220.
4. SpO2 (Pulse Oximeter) sensor
The humidity sensor chosen for this work is DS-100A.
5. Heartbeat sensor
The humidity sensor chosen for this work is HW01.
B) Microcontroller unit
For present system Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller is used
for couple of reasons that, it have inbuilt analog to digital
converter and EEPROM. Also its cost is less compare to other
DSP controller.
C) Alarm system
As an alarm system buzzer is used. An alarm raise if the any
measured parameter goes beyond the set point value and it gives
indication to the concern doctor or nurse.
D) Display
For proposed work 3.2” inch touch screen GLCD is used.
Touch screen shield is used for interfacing of touch screen
GLCD with Arduino Mega 2560 board. It requires because of
GLCD works on 3.3V and Arduino board produce output 5V
on its digital I/Os so for the purpose of level converter shield is
used.
E) RS232 to Ethernet Converter
WIZ110SR is a gateway module that converts RS232 protocol
into TCP/IP protocol. Current values and set point values of the
temperatures and humidity are converting in to the serial form
using UART & RS232 by the control system and give this
converted data to the WIZ 110SR module. [9]
This converter is needed because we want to transmit data over
LAN as well as over internet network, so first of all it is required
to convert RS232 protocol into the TCP/IP protocol for long
distance transmission. WIZ110SR module is shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. WIZ110SR Module [9]
F) Keypad
As a keypad push button switches are used. Four switches are
used to set the values of temperatures and humidity as per
requirement. Out of four switches one is used as set switch
which enable the function to increase or decrease the set point
values, second one is used to increase set point values, third one
is used to decrease the set point values and fourth one is used to
enter changed set point values.
G) GSM Module
A GSM modem (SIM900A) is a specialized type of modem
which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a subscription to a
mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. From the mobile
operator perspective, a GSM modem looks just like a mobile
phone.
Fig. 4. GSM Module [10]
When a GSM modem is connected to a computer, this allows
the computer to use the GSM modem to communicate over the
mobile network. While these GSM modems are most
frequently used to provide mobile internet connectivity, many
of them can also be used for sending and receiving SMS and
MMS messages.
H) Heater
Heater in machine is used to irradiate infant with light in the
near-infrared (NIR) spectrum (from 700 to 1,400 nm). So heater
is used to keep infant warmth. Here we have used bulb as
heating device.
I) Heating control system
In incubator and warmer, it is necessary to maintain heater
temperature constant as per requirement. If the temperature
goes beyond certain limit then it is very harmful for the infant.
So in machine temperatures and humidity should be control
precisely.
Fig. 5. Block Diagram of PWM Based Heating Control System [11]
In present system heating control system is designed based on
firing angle control of TRIAC. As an alternative to ON-OFF
relay based control method, burst firing control method is used
to operate heater. In phase/firing angle control, a gate pulse is
sent to the TRIAC. This is sent at a time between one zero
crossing and the next. Without the gate pulse sent to the TRIAC,
right after zero-crossing, the TRIAC is OFF and no current
flows through it. After a certain time, the gating signal is given
to the TRIAC and it turns ON. The TRIAC then stays ON until
the current through it becomes zero (natural line commutation).
This is at the next zero crossing. It is must require that current
through the TRIAC is higher than the latching current and the
holding current means that the TRIAC stays ON once it is fired
on. It stays ON until the current through it is zero. This means
that the voltage is supplied to the load for a fraction of the cycle,
determined by how long the TRIAC is ON. How long the
TRIAC is ON is, determined by the delay time between the
zero-crossing and the applying of the TRIAC gating signal. The
gating signal is removed 250μs after that. 250μs is enough time
to ensure that the TRIAC has turned on. Even though the gating
signal is removed, the TRIAC stays on until the next zerocrossing
as it is a latching device. [11]
COMMENTS