components
Hardware Components
WIZ110SR
X 1
Alarm System
X 1
Micro controller Unit
X 1
Heating Control System
X 1
Display
X 1
Keypad
X 1
details
I. INTRODUCTION
A phototherapy machine for pediatric hospital is also known as baby incubator. An incubator or phototherapy machine is a very useful medical device which is used to maintain and regulate an appropriate environment for the newborns. There are millions of babies worldwide out of that either directly or indirectly at least 20% to 25% of babies deaths [1]. Near about 1.8 million babies die every year due to the low birth weight or lack of the heat unit for to maintain the body fat and metabolic rate to stay at the temperature which is required in newborns.
Low birth weight (LBW) of the infants and if the organs of the newborn is not developed properly at the time of birth, it makes an infant more sensitive to the environmental temperature and humidity and other kind of infections. Soto maintain and control the temperatures and humidity level in the newborns, phototherapy machine or baby incubator is required.
Generally an incubator is used for preterm babies which is born before 36 weeks to 37 weeks of gestation [1].
1. Conduction: When a newborn’s body comes in contact with the any solid body then the heat may transfer from newborn’s body to the solid body and due to that newborn loss the heat it is known as conduction.
2. Convection: In convection newborn loss the heat to the air surrounding.
3. Evaporation: In evaporation heat of the newborn is loss due to heat transfer by water partials from the skin to the environment.
4. Radiation: In radiation loss of heat is occur due to external environment surfaces but there is no direct contact in between body and surface.
Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is a technology which is used to monitoring of the patient from the remote place or outside the patient’s room or conventional clinical setup.
Advantages of remote patient monitoring are;
1. Increase access to care
2. Monitoring many patients at a time.
3. Decrease health delivery costs etc.
II. SYSTEM ARCHITECHTURE
The system is mainly composed of various types of sensors which are used to measure vital parameters of newborn, control system for controlling and monitoring the sensed temperatures & humidity, RS232 to Ethernet converter, GUI based monitoring system & server, web server and web based remote monitoring system like PC, laptop or mobile phone which supports internet facility. The system architecture is shown in the Fig.2.
III. CONTROL SYSTEM HARDWARE & IT’S DESCRIPTION The control system mainly consists of AVR ATmega 32 microcontroller, sensors like air & body temperature sensors and humidity sensor. Present system also consist LCD for to display air & body temperature and humidity as well as to display set points of air & body temperature and humidity. Which is helpful to the doctor and nurse to monitor infant’s air & body temperatures and humidity locally means where immature infants are kept. Present system also consist a buzzer as an Alarm system. It also have heater and heating control system, RS 232 to Ethernet converter and specially designed GUI/ Web Page for remote monitoring purpose. The designed control system block diagram is shown in the Fig. 3.
The functionality of the each blocks of the control system is explain as below;
A. Sensors: This designed system mainly consists of three kind of sensors; 1) Air temperature sensor 2) Body temperature sensor and 3) Humidity sensor.
B. Microcontroller Unit:
C. Alarm System:
D. Display:
E. Heater:
F. Heating control System:
G. RS232 to Ethernet Converter:
The driver in the circuit is the MOC3021. This is a random phase optically isolated TRIAC output driver. MOC3021 is used to fire TRIAC after interrupt is generated by microcontroller and interrupt generation is dependent on to the difference between measured temperatures and its set point values. PC817 (photocoupler) is used to provide isolation between AC source and microcontroller unit.
IV. SYSTEM SOFTWARE
Two kind of software are used, one is AVR studio which is used to do programming for control system of phototherapy machine and second one is visual studio 10 is used to do programming of GUI (Graphical User Interface).
The complete GUI is has been developed using visual studio 10. Visual studio is specialized software for designing graphical user interface as per requirement. The designed GUI is also able to create database of the previous sensed and set point values of temperatures and humidity. Developed GUI is access to monitor real time data over LAN on to the PC or laptop. The SQL web server and website is also created so that it is possible to access real time data from the remote place also.
V.EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
As a result of experiment, it can be said that concern doctors and nurses are able to monitor the real time data of the infant. The data of measured and set point values of an air temperature, a body temperature and humidity are update continuously and it can be monitor from the remote place.
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